Friday, June 19, 2015

Taking Responsibility for Tragedy and Identifying the Real Problem: A Response to the Charleston Shooting

It happened, again. Senseless violence in America ending the lives of nine people. This time, it happens to be racism. In other instances we chalk it up to mental illness or some other notion of intolerance we've set up, and we begin to stand on our soap box and declare why we should take steps A-Z to fix the problem. 'Gun control', 'changing media bias', 'changing the conversation about race' or 'changing the conversation about mental disease'... it happens every time, the people who are leaders in the various spheres of influence in this country come up with their program that's going to solve the problem, and the huddled masses follow after them like sheep, blindly repeating the rhetoric.

I want to share two words, one which addresses a very serious criticism of the American church in light of this specific tragedy, and then one that builds on that to flesh out what the root of the problem actually is. So first, let's look in the mirror. The church that this murderer stepped into is 'historically Black'. Why? Well, a big part of the reason why that is the case is because white, conservative, Christians were racist for a very long time. I'm a white, conservative, Christian so that really resonates at my core. On the other hand, as racial wounds have begun to at least somewhat heal in this country and Christian groups (such as my own Southern Baptist Convention) started to own and take responsibility for their dark, racist pasts, there is very little effort on the part of most churches, especially where I am from in the South, to integrate racially.

This is ridiculous. We're supposed to be part of the same body, right? When this murderer (and no, I don't plan on using his name because I don't think he deserves to have it mentioned) walked into a Bible study to kill people of a very specific skin color, why on earth were there not White and Hispanic and Native American brothers and sisters in the Lord there to either stop him, or at least share in the sufferings as one body. This man was able to select his target so easily precisely because even after all this time White folks and Black folks can't seem to get over their own comfort zones and racial biases enough to worship their common Savior together. That is a tragedy in itself on top of the terrible grief we already experience as a country because this sort of thing still happens.

But why does it happen? This division within the body happens for the same reason why the secular society around us can't get the solution right. It all stems from having too weak a sense of human sin and and the role of the Gospel in every possible human good. First of all, man does evil things because man is evil. Without the work of the Holy Spirit in our lives, the 'righteousness' of man is filthy rags. This means that whatever strategy man comes up with to solve these problems, if there' no Holy Spirit, it's not a righteous strategy, it's insufficient, it's God-less, literally. The fact that our strategies to overcome issues like the murders in Charleston are pretty obvious. However, what is less obvious, but still as vital, is that the segregation in our churches just as driven by the fact that we don't put the Holy Spirit in the middle of how we build our churches and how we address the race problems in our church.

If our solutions God-less, what hope do we really have for it working? We don't. So what do we do instead? Well, quite simply, the answer is we share the Gospel. It may sound simple, but if our problem is that our solutions are not righteous without God, then the key has to be getting God into the lives of the people, and sharing the Gospel, and making the Gospel truly central to our churches. If you're listening to your preferred pundit and they are rooting the problem in 'media bias' or 'racism' then they're deceived, and they are missing the true issue. We should address racism, we should address fair-minded media coverage, but we don't truly fix these things without the work of the Holy Spirit and the Gospel message. Any solution without that, is a lie. We as Christians shouldn't promote it, and we as Christians should be critical of those among us who try to do so.

When the Holy Spirit renews us, and makes us new creatures, only then do we have any hope of making real changes to our society. Promote the Gospel, not the lies of our society that try to fix things through secular activism and legislation without the necessary foundation of the work of the Holy Spirit. 

Saturday, June 13, 2015

10 Books, Besides the Bible, that Every Christian Should Read

Initial Apologies:

If someone were to attempt to list all the books that could be beneficial to the life of every single Christian, the list would take days to read, because God, in his wonderful grace, has used many people to communicate the truth about him very beautifully. These ten texts are simply a start, I encourage everyone to be consistently involved in reading wise and godly Christians from the history of the church. So, I am sorry for the essential incomplete nature of this list, but hopefully it will be a strong start for those looking to bolster their reading of texts that seek to teach about our Holy, Triune God. All links below lead to places where the texts can be acquired. The numbers are not a ranking of how I rate the quality of each in relation to the others. 


1. THE FUNDAMENTALS: A TESTIMONY TO THE TRUTH


If you ever wonder where the term 'Fundamentalist' comes from, this text is it. BEFORE you immediately disregard it based on your negative perception of the term 'Fundamentalist', bear with me, please. Originally released as a series of essays from the Bible Institute of Los Angelos, (my personal copy is a two volume set) this text seeks to lay out the core essentials of what the Christian faith is in a collection of essays by a variety of scholars from various denominational backgrounds. Notable authors included B.B. Warfield, Thomas Spurgeon, R.A. Torrey, A.C. Dixon, C.I Scofield, and Charles R. Erdman. It addresses numerous topics from atheism to the Trinity, to the nature of Scripture and the Atonement. You can find it on Kindle for $0.99 or on ntslibrary.com for free

2. THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS


This text is possibly the greatest Christian allegory ever written. It is the masterpiece of English Baptist John Bunyan, and it powerfully resonates with those on the Christian walk. Filled with great theological content woven into the fabric of an original story, it is a book that can be of great benefit to children and adults alike. It can be bought rather inexpensively on Amazon or found online for free at ccel.org.

3. FOXE'S BOOK OF MARTYRS


It is vital that Christians understand what their predecessors have suffered for the sake of the Gospel. To lose sight of the all-consuming passion in which those before us have striven to preserve the truth in the face of cultural oppression is to risk allowing ourselves to be lulled to sleep by the rejections of the Gospel in our own culture and era. Time and again, people promoting themselves as 'Christians' have simultaneously promoted the sins and heresies of the world. Such action is not only disrespectful to God, but also to those who died so that we could have the Gospel, today. This book, by John Foxe, is but one of many great texts that draw attention to the struggles of Christians past, and it can be found for as cheaply as $1.00 on Kindle or for free on ccel.  

4. THE NEW TESTAMENT DOCUMENTS: ARE THEY RELIABLE?



F.F. Bruce demonstrates in this concise but brilliant piece of scholarship, that the texts of the New Testament are reliable despite what liberal and atheist scholars have tried to say to the contrary. Being aware of Bruce's argument in this text is a great tool for every Christian to have. This book is $2.00 on Kindle and can be purchased rather cheaply in other formats as well. 

5. THE UNEASY CONSCIENCE OF MODERN FUNDAMENTALISM



Carl F.H. Henry agreed with the theology laid out in The Fundamentals, but he realized that the movement had lost its ability to engage the culture with that truth. In less than ninety pages, he kick-started conservative evangelicalism. This book can be found on Amazon

6. ORATIONS AGAINST THE ARIANS



For over half a century Athanasius defended the doctrine of the Trinity against Arianism. This text is the summary of his defense of true Christianity against that heresy. The paperback can be found on Amazon or it can be found on ccel.org for free

7. DESIRING GOD



What does it mean to be a Christian hedonist? Essentially, as John Piper argues in his most influential book, it is to fulfill the chief end of man which is to 'glorify God and enjoy him forever'. How does a Christian do this? He tells us that 'God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in Him.' A book centered wholly on the glory of God, this text challenges everything about the modern inclinations of natural man and exhorts him to look heavenward for his satisfaction. This book, and a study guide to go with it, can be found for free at desiringgod.org or can be bought at Amazon.

8. SINNERS IN THE HANDS OF AN ANGRY GOD


Easily the shortest inclusion on our list, but nevertheless essential. This sermon by Jonathan Edwards should remind us why the Grace of God is so necessary in our own lives, and why the Gospel is so needed by the world around us. Beyond that, it is considered a classic piece of American literary history. It is free, here, it is read online, here. It can be bought, here.

9. A Christian Manifesto


There are many precise presentations of the Christian faith, and what it means to live it, out there, but Francis Schaeffer provides us with one of the very best in his Manifesto. It is just as relevant now as it was when he first wrote it, and it will continue to be so by virtue of the truth it conveys. This book can be found on Amazon

10. THE EARLY CHURCH



Every Christian should know the history of the early church, and Henry Chadwick delivers it to us in a masterful way in this text. This text can be found on Amazon.

Final Thoughts:

As I said, it is impossible to make an exhaustive list of this sort, but I have tried to provide a varied list that addresses the various needs of the Christian life, and I tried to include texts that would helpful both to Christians of a more academic persuasion and also those who simply wish to be faithful laymen in the service of God. How did I do? What would you include that I did not? Which books were you disappointed to see on my list?

Saturday, June 6, 2015

Reformed Baptists and Theonomy


There is a lot of discussion in Reformed circles about Theonomy. I am personally against this teaching, and have my own arguments/reasons why. However, since we've interacted a great deal with the 1689 London Baptist Confession, I thought it would be appropriate to share some resources from Reformed Baptist sources on the topic of Theonomy.

What sort of Theonomy are we talking about?
There are two main types of Theonomy. 'Covenanter' and 'Reconstructionist'. Covenanter Theonomy is not really a Reformed Baptist concern. This form is based on the broader Westminster Standards which existed in Scotland in the 1600s. They have additional documents to the WCF and the Westminster Catechisms that Reformed Baptists have never adopted. Meeting a Covenanter 1689 adherent would be a strange sight, indeed. 

As for the Reconstructionists, one of their leading adherents is actually one of my favorite philosophers. Greg Bahnsen (September 17, 1948 – December 11, 1995), a powerful Christian apologist, was extremely adamant about the view. He wrote several books on the subject, the most notable of which is probably By This Standard: the Authority of God's Law Today. I share the link because, while I disagree with Theonomy, I do not want anyone to think I don't have tremendous respect fro some of the men who hold it, and their arguments deserve to be read, first hand, by someone who is coming to conclusions about Theonomy. 

A further synopsis is given by non-Theonomist RC Sproul, here: http://www.ligonier.org/blog/what-reconstructionism-what-theonomy/?mobile=on

Reformed Baptist reactions:

Sam Waldron, who wrote the exposition of the 1689 that we have dealt with, wrote a very thorough article on the subject of Theonomy, you can find that here:  http://www.reformedreader.org/rbs/tarba.htm


For an older source, I would suggest 1700s Baptist apologist Abraham Booth, and his essay entitled "An Essay on the Kingdom of Christ." You can get a $.99 ebook version of the text on Kindle, and you can read a review of it, here: http://www.1689federalism.com/the-kingdom-of-christ-abraham-booth/


Many of those familiar with Reformed Baptist thought will know about a view of Covenant Theology known as 1689 Federalism. The primary website that supports this view is www.1689federalism.com. On that site, they have the following article:  http://www.1689federalism.com/1689-federalism-theonomy/

The Confession:
Here is the relevant chapter from the 1689 Confession of Faith:

Chapter 24: Of the Civil Magistrate
1._____ God, the supreme Lord and King of all the world, hath ordained civil magistrates to be under him, over the people, for his own glory and the public good; and to this end hath armed them with the power of the sword, for defense and encouragement of them that do good, and for the punishment of evil doers.
Romans 13:1-4 )
2._____ It is lawful for Christians to accept and execute the office of a magistrate when called there unto; in the management whereof, as they ought especially to maintain justice and peace, according to the wholesome laws of each kingdom and commonwealth, so for that end they may lawfully now, under the New Testament wage war upon just and necessary occasions.
2 Samuel 23:3; 
Psalms 82:3, 4; Luke 3:14 )
3._____ Civil magistrates being set up by God for the ends aforesaid; subjection, in all lawful things commanded by them, ought to be yielded by us in the Lord, not only for wrath, but for conscience sake; and we ought to make supplications and prayers for kings and all that are in authority, that under them we may live a quiet and peaceable life, in all godliness and honesty.
Romans 13:5-7; 1 Peter 2:17; 1 Timothy 2:1, 2 )

One might notice a couple of interesting points, here. First, 24.2 seems to assume that each kingdom and commonwealth is going to have its own unique set of laws, and it refers to them as 'wholesome', not 'Biblical' or 'Divine'. Further, Taking points 2 and 3 together suggests a relationship to the government where we participate when we are asked to do so, but otherwise we live in quiet and peaceable submission. This last note of 'quiet and peaceable life' is not found in the Westminster Confession, and indeed, the Baptist confession differs from its older cousin quite a bit in this chapter. Even starker contrast is seen between the 1689 and its congregationally political cousin, the Savoy Declaration. (The latter is, in this author's opinion, is the confession with the strongest theonomic implications.)

Other Reformed voices against Theonomy who are not necessarily Baptists:




Resources for Hermeneutics

This past Thursday I was blessed with the opportunity to appear on "Theology Matters with the Pellews" to discuss the topic of Hermeneutics and, specifically, the relationship of Philosophy to Hermeneutics. The link to the interview can be found, here:  http://www.blogtalkradio.com/truradio/2015/06/04/theology-matters-with-the-pellews-hermeneutics-and-bible-study-methods

Here are the resources referenced on the show and some additional references on the topic:

Definition of Hermeneutics (Carm.org)

Books:

Kevin Vanhoozer: Is There a Meaning in this Text? Review of this book: http://www.frame-poythress.org/review-of-kevin-vanhoozers-is-there-a-meaning-in-this-text/

Biblical Hermeneutics: Five Views

Walter Kaiser: Introduction to Biblical Hermeneutics: The Search for Meaning

Kevin Deyoung: Taking God at His Word

Vern Poythress: Inerrancy and the Gospels: A God-Centered Approach to the Challenges of Harmonization

Vern Poythress: Inerrancy and Worldview: Answering Modern Challenges to the Bible

Articles:






International Council on Biblical Inerrancy:



Other media:




Concluding remarks

Most of these resources are free, the books can all be found at Amazon.com. Thanks, again, to the Pellews for letting me be on their show! It was a tremendous blessing.